Graphene-Based Photocatalysts for Nitrogen Fixation

Photochemical processes have a lot of potential for resolving issues with energy and the environment, and they probably play a vital role in the growth of a sustainable humanity. The fixation of environmental N2 into soil is the second-utmost significant biogeochemical activity in nature after photosynthesis. The intrinsic catalytic effectiveness of traditional photocatalysts has been severely limited despite recent advancements due to a variety of difficulties linked to (i) inadequate visible light absorption, (ii) ineffective e/h+ recombinations in the higher energy state, and (iii) poor reactive durability. Researchers are still working on developing photocatalysts that are practical for use in industry. Graphene has drawn a lot of attention from researchers interested in enhancing the efficiency of photocatalysts because of its remarkable optical and electrical properties as well as its salient features of surface area, mechanical strength, and photochemical stability. We explored the usage of graphene and its related materials in this book chapter to create fusion structures or nanocomposites that may be employed as effective photocatalysts for N2 fixation.