Graphene—The Material of the Era

From the time immemorial, carbon has always been a wonderful material with numerous fine features and applications. Nanoconfinement has further widened the ever-expanding horizon of carbon. In this direction, the 2D material graphene is marked in rainbow colours for its fabulous features and the thus bestowed versatile applications. This chapter presents a note on graphene. A brief mention on the history of carbon in the service of man is provided. Various allotropic forms of carbon are discussed, indicating their differing physicochemical characteristics. Discovery of this brilliant material, the methods of synthesis and the characterisation tools are briefly discussed in the chapter. The properties of graphene are discoursed in detail, and the fine applications that the material claims due to its wonderful features are unveiled. A brief mention is also made on the functionalisation of graphene adopting covalent and non-covalent methods. Future prospects of graphene in materials field are also presented.