CKD in Elderly: Bone and Mineral Metabolism

Both aging and chronic kidney disease (CKD) alter calcium homeostasis and bone mineral metabolism, which contributes to the development of mineral bone disease, osteoporosis, and ultimately, increase the risk for fractures, morbidity, and mortality. In this chapter, calcium and bone mineral dysregulation and diagnosis, prevention and management of consequent CKD-mineral bone disease and osteoporosis are reviewed, with special consideration given to the elderly CKD population.