Environmental Sustainability in Maritime Transportation Through the Development of Strategies to Reduce Emissions from Marine Internal Combustion Engines

The maritime industry plays a key role in the global economy, but its ecological footprint poses serious problems for the environment. Emissions from shipping, including greenhouse gases like CO2, as well as pollutants such as SOx, NOx, PM, and soot, adversely affect air quality, climate, and human health. Amidst these concerns, this paper aims to scrutinize diverse approaches for mitigating nitrogen oxide emissions from internal combustion engines in merchant marine vessels, fostering enhanced environmental safety. This study encompasses a comprehensive exploration of nitrogen oxide sources and their deleterious effects on human well-being. By delving into prominent strategies and techniques, the paper addresses the reduction of nitrogen emissions from internal combustion engines. Employing analytical research through process modeling, the study culminates in insightful recommendations to bolster the eco-friendliness of ships equipped with such engines. A spectrum of methodologies for curbing nitrogen oxide emissions is presented, accompanied by contextual recommendations for their application in varying scenarios. Notably, the adoption of gas fuel and the integration of dual-fuel engines emerge as promising solutions. These measures exhibit the potential to align with regulatory stipulations over an extended duration, effectively harmonizing shipping practices with environmental mandates.