Adjuvants for Vaccines

This chapter highlights the general characteristics of pathogen- and host-derived adjuvants, their advantages and disadvantages, and their contribution to adaptive immunity. An introduction to host-derived immunostimulants to improve immune outcomes while minimizing toxicities follows, emphasizing the generation and efficacy of conformationally restricted, response-selective analogs of complement peptide C5a. Such host-derived immunostimulants show therapeutic, manufacturing, and commercial potential as adjuvants and represent just one approach to meeting the modern-day healthcare threats posed by antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria and the emergence of novel pathogens.