Decentralized Renewable Energy Trading: A Cross-Chain, NFT, and IPFS Framework

The integration of blockchain technology into renewable energy trading presents an innovative approach to managing and distributing energy resources. This study investigates the application of blockchain, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to develop a platform for renewable energy trading. It builds on the principles of decentralization, immutability, and transparency to enhance the security and efficiency of energy transactions. The paper discusses the adaptation of blockchain technology in energy communities, smart cities, and microgrids, highlighting the capability of blockchain to support the distributed nature of renewable energy sources. The introduction of a multi-tiered security model and the utilization of IPFS for data storage reflect a commitment to sustainable energy management. The analysis of different Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)-compatible platforms emphasizes the need for cost-effective solutions in blockchain implementation. The findings suggest that platforms like Fantom, Polygon, and Celo are advantageous in terms of cost, which could drive wider adoption and enhance market activity.