Alteration in Biochemical and Molecular Expression of Trees in Response to Changing Climatic and Environmental Pollution
摘要
The chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between climate change, pollution, and tree biology, emphasizing the critical need to understand how climate and environmental factors impact tree functionality. Trees respond to these stressors through diverse biochemical and molecular adaptations. They adjust photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant defense systems, and secondary metabolite production to counteract oxidative stress and maintain cellular balance. Additionally, trees modify gene expression, activate stress-responsive pathways, and undergo epigenetic changes to enhance resilience in changing climatic conditions. Environmental pollution disrupts biochemical pathways and compromises tree health, yet some species exhibit resilience by deploying detoxification mechanisms and activating defense genes in polluted environments. This knowledge synthesis will guide conservation efforts and aid in developing sustainable practices to protect tree health amidst climate change and environmental pollution.