Ontological Engineering to Support Building, Urban Planning and Environmental Security Solutions

The chapter is devoted to the issues of decision support systems in the field of construction, urban planning, environmental safety, efficiency and prospects of use of the proposed solutions. The relevance of this study is determined by the automation of the application of regulatory documentation, accelerating the development and saving money at the design stage of urban infrastructure, as well as the subsequent use of the proposed solutions. Decision support systems (DSS) are an integral part of our lives. One way or another, we all make decisions based on analysis, experience or some documentation. The field of urban planning is not spared by this system. In today’s world ontologies, namely the representation of knowledge bases in the form of an ontological model, are gaining popularity. There is a popularization of knowledge bases by increasing the volume of information and its complexity. For the intellectualization of DSS (transition to IDSS), ontological engineering is offered—development of an ontological model on the basis of normative documents in parametric modelling: “Set of rules” and “Building codes and regulations”. The model applies graphical predicate tools and semantic ontologies of architectural topology. Classes of urban planning objects and their properties, as well as urban planning standards, determine the order of construction of urban infrastructure and urban facilities were compiled on the basis of the analysis of regulatory documents. The structures of normative documents containing heterogeneous nesting, mutual references and contradictions were considered. Based on the results of the study, we compiled an ontological model of a knowledge base to support urban planning decisions, containing five entities: “Buildings”, “Private sector”, “Schools”, “Shopping centres” and “Parks”.