The European Labour Market Recovery: Policy Responses During and After the COVID-19 Crisis

In light of the objectives behind the policies implemented to mitigate unemployment during the initial phases of the COVID-19 crisis, aimed at safeguarding both employees and employers, this study aims to evaluate the Job Retention Schemes that were extensively deployed. This comprehensive review examines the design of these schemes and assesses their impact on employment dynamics. Additionally, this study reviews the existing literature on Active Labour Market Policies and evaluates their effectiveness in addressing the labour market challenges faced by job seekers. This study recognises the importance of policy coherence with prevailing circumstances and examines the adaptations made to policies during the COVID-19 crisis. Based on these findings, suggestions for future policy interventions are provided.