Comparing Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions from Built Environments Across Developed and Developing Nations Under Various Energy Scenarios

Consumption by the buildings sector accounts for more than 40% of global energy consumption. The consumption of energy resources by the buildings sector in developing countries is more than 60% of the total world consumption by buildings, and their share is growing. If the future energy consumption of developed countries is associated with an increase in the energy efficiency of buildings and the use of new energy-saving technologies, then in developing countries the processes of increasing energy consumption and restructuring the structure to more modern types and more energy efficient equipment will occur simultaneously. This will be influenced both by the conditions of internal and interfuel price competition, and by external pressure on developing countries in the framework of low-carbon development. The chapter proposes to form various options for saturating the energy needs of developing countries and the world (by building energy consumption model), to assess the cost, socioeconomic, and environmental consequences of different approaches to meeting the demand for energy and fuel in the building segment in the world and in developing countries.