Solutions to the Problems of Transition to Green Energy in Kazakhstan

Renewable energy sources such as wind farms and solar panels are technological solutions aimed at mitigating the greenhouse effect caused by modern industry including the coal industry. Coal energy brings about significant environmental damage by occupying vast areas of agricultural land for waste dumps and ash landfills. Opponents of renewable energy sources consider the use of installations working on wind and solar energy to be unacceptable due to a number of reasons: the variability of wind and solar energy; the use of very rare and expensive metals; the impossibility to recycle used blades of wind turbines and photocells of solar panels; the unreasonably high energy consumption at the production of these installations and higher cost of the generated energy compared to traditional energy sources. The chapter shows that there are solutions to all of these problems through the use of more complex energy generation technologies, including those in the coal industry.