Operational Traits of Public Passenger Transport Comparison Between Developed and Developing Countries

Urban passenger transport, both public and private, serves a large purpose in modern society. However, it can also lead to negative consequences as evidenced by urban congestion, which lowers transportation efficiency, increases travel times, raises fuel consumption, and exacerbates driver stress levels. Globally, there is a clear trend of notable increases in energy consumption associated with transportation. Developing nations and burgeoning economies are experiencing rapid population growth and urbanization rates, resulting in a swift escalation of energy demand. To anticipate the future mobility landscape, it is imperative to holistically address emerging technologies, infrastructural development, and citizen needs within an integrated framework. The aim of this chapter is to delineate the dissimilarities found in the operational characteristics of public transportation systems for passengers in developed and developing countries. These differences will be scrutinized to uncover the progressions executed in developed countries that impact not only the operational aspects, but also the quality of services, and the reduction in energy consumption and emissions. Through this analysis, we will gain valuable insights into the strategies that can help reduce energy usage and emissions. These insights will be integrated into a simulation that aims to assess their impact in a specific case study.