Lithium extraction from spodumene using the conventional method of leaching after sulfuric acid roasting produces an aluminisilicate residue stream containing gypsum. Outside of China where aluminosilicate residue can be sold as supplementary cementitious material, the residue is typically disposed of via tailings or dry stacking. A key issue in selecting alternative uses for aluminosilicate residue is its high gypsum content. This study discussed three flowsheets that eliminate or separate gypsum from aluminosilicate residue to improve its saleability. The first flowsheet is gypsum carbonation, which utilizes a basic environment where gypsum is reacted with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate and a saleable by-product. The second flowsheet explores acidic filtration directly after water leach, followed by neutralization. The third flowsheet is calcination of the aluminosilicate residue to produce a strong coherent material that can replace backfill aggregate, thereby removing the need for a quarry and landfill.

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Repurposing Waste Residue from Lithium Extraction: A Gypsum Problem

  • A. Kok,
  • T. Cassels

摘要

Lithium extraction from spodumene using the conventional method of leaching after sulfuric acid roasting produces an aluminisilicate residue stream containing gypsum. Outside of China where aluminosilicate residue can be sold as supplementary cementitious material, the residue is typically disposed of via tailings or dry stacking. A key issue in selecting alternative uses for aluminosilicate residue is its high gypsum content. This study discussed three flowsheets that eliminate or separate gypsum from aluminosilicate residue to improve its saleability. The first flowsheet is gypsum carbonation, which utilizes a basic environment where gypsum is reacted with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate and a saleable by-product. The second flowsheet explores acidic filtration directly after water leach, followed by neutralization. The third flowsheet is calcination of the aluminosilicate residue to produce a strong coherent material that can replace backfill aggregate, thereby removing the need for a quarry and landfill.