Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been utilized as selective sorbents in solid phase extraction (SPE) and membrane filters to isolate analytes from biological, environmental, and pharmaceutical samples since they provide high affinity and selectivity towards the templated molecule. The MIPs in conjunction with SPE and membrane filters for separation applications are presented in this chapter. Different design and synthesis strategies of MIPs for more efficient separation performance are discussed. Among these strategies, core–shell imprinting in which various nanoparticles (e.g., silica, magnetic, gold, carbon-based, and porous crystalline metal–organic frameworks) utilized as core materials are particularly effective. Other approaches including epitope imprinting for adsorption of large biomolecules, dummy-template imprinting for the toxic or low-soluble analytes are reviewed. The potential industrial applications of in-line solid phase extractors and imprinted membrane filters are discussed.