2D-Layered Nanomaterials’ Modified Electrodes for the Detection of Environmental Contaminants

The use of two-dimensionalTwo-dimensional (2d) nanomaterials (2D) nanomaterials has emerged as a promising material for detecting contaminants such as microorganisms, heavy metals, biomoleculesBiomolecules, and pesticides. Notably, the reduction of thickness in 2D layers has shown significant improvements in sensitivity, attributed to the enhanced surface-to-volume ratio. However, challenges such as structural deformities, thermal hazards, and material decay demand a deep understanding to optimize sensing performance. Despite these challenges, the synthesis of novel functionalized 2D materials, such as Gr/MoS2-based nanocomposites, has demonstrated promising results. Furthermore, the combination of these materials into innovative methodologies for pollution detection including the development of low-cost portable devices for real-time monitoringReal-time monitoring via mobile phones holds significant potential for future environmental sensing applications. This chapter explores the preliminary investigations of 2D nanomaterialsTwo-dimensional (2d) nanomaterials, including characteristics such as dimension morphology, crystallinity, thickness, and abnormalities along with strategies like surface functionalization to enhance sensing capabilities, and also highlights the ongoing advancements and challenges in utilizing 2D nanomaterials for environmental monitoringEnvironmental monitoring.