In this introduction, we make the case that speculation has a central role in research. By speculation, we mean creating propositions about the world with incomplete knowledge. Our aim is to approach speculation as expansively as possible and, in doing so, explore how design can draw even more from it. We introduce three ways in which design can draw from speculation. First, we unpack the value of speculation in how it can help construct propositional knowledge and actions within the limits of what is known at the time through leaps of imagination. Second, speculation holds even more value in countering accepted knowledge or dominant worldviews to generate new forms of knowledge, in what we call diverse epistemologies. Third, speculation creates space to examine and assess the limits, consequences, and ethics of the pursuits of technological practices through ethical reflexivity. Additionally, we offer the term experiential alternatives: the methodology that enables the three other parts of our framework, which in design is material and done through creation. We end the chapter with an outline of the book, which is comprised of an introduction, a conclusion and three chapters that are organized by our framework.