Research on the Level of “Urban Stream Syndrome” in Small Streams of Urbanized Areas Using the Example of the Mlynivka River (Ivano-Frankivsk City)

The problem of “urban stream syndrome” of small watercourses in the conditions of an urbanized environment was studied using the example of the Mlynivka River (Ivano-Frankivsk). Biomonitoring of the Mlynivka River was carried out and it was established that most of the representatives of the microflora and microfauna of the samples taken from the Mlynivka River within the active water intake are representatives of organisms of the α- and β-mesasaprobe zones, with some fluctuations depending on the type of sample. Rapid natural processes of renaturalization of the state of the ecosystem of the Mlynivka River within the urban zone were recorded, despite the applied engineering and technical approaches. The arrangement of the watercourse within the city territory, which is represented by concrete trays, was studied, and a number of hydraulic structures for regulating the water flow were recorded, some of which were not in working condition. The natural gamma background was determined, which in the territory of the research according to the characteristics of external gamma radiation is typical for the urban system of Ivano-Frankivsk and its indicators do not exceed the average for the region and are 0.07–0.12 μSv/h. There were no significant deviations of the equivalent dose rate (EDR) indicator in the measurements at the exit to the day surface of groundwater, from the indicators measured in the adjacent territory. Existing approaches to prevent negative impacts of floods and floods on small watercourses are analyzed. It is proposed to use the Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) approach, which uses nature and natural processes to reduce disaster risk and enhance environmental and social benefits. NBS provides small-scale and large-scale solutions, this requires planning and selection of possible ones for implementation in given conditions of anti-flood decisions.