Conclusions

After an introduction into general antenna theory, based on Maxwell’s equations and vector algebra, general properties of antennas have been derived. Then various different antenna elements were described. Next phased array antennas were introduced. After these basic explanations the focus was on simulation of radiation characteristics and their verification by measurements of a linear array of patch antennas. A comprehensive, systematic catalogue shows radiation characteristics for linear arrays for various steering angles. Binomial and Chebyshev amplitude weights were employed to perform beam forming. All these constellations are presented for far field and near field also. Then 2-dimensional arrays were investigated. Consequently conformal antenna array structures were discussed in detail. After covering all these antenna arrays, various applications of antenna arrays are explained, with an emphasis on MIMO systems.