The fatigue reliability of railway bogies is significantly decreased due to the structural flexibility and wheel-rail interactions. The wheel-rail coupled vibrations, i.e. the P2 force, can be excited by rail welded joints or the wheel out-of-roundness. Besides, the dynamic vibration and stress of the bogie frame are of relevance to the track types. In this work, the field tests of the vehicle-track coupled system are introduced to make insight into the dynamic behavior of railway bogies due to wheel-rail coupled vibrations on stiff or elastic tracks. Furthermore, the vehicle-track rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model is developed and verified to reproduce high-frequency vibration and stress. The mechanism of the modal vibration induced by wheel-rail interactions is further studied. Finally, some parametric studies, i.e. train speed, modal frequency, track stiffness as well as wheel-rail defects, are conducted to propose possible solutions to this issue. To decrease the track stiffness or suppressing the wheel-rail roughness can relieve the wheel-rail coupled vibration. To change the train speed or modal frequency can avoid vibration-induced fatigue failure.