Application of Different Filter Media in Bag Filters: A Review

The spread of ultrafine particles in the air is a global problem. The increase is intrinsically linked to economic development, resulting from the burning of fossil fuels and extensive urban expansion. These particles can be inhaled and cause various types of illnesses, such as respiratory and cardiac illnesses. As a result, methods and equipment aimed at reducing emissions must be even more effective in removing submicron particles. In this context, the bag filter stands out as one of the most widely used equipment today, thanks to the continuous development and improvement of filtering media. They offer greater resistance to high temperatures, and various chemical conditions, and provide high efficiency in filtering extremely fine particles. However, there is a wide range of filter media options available in the market, including natural materials such as cotton, linen, silk, and natural rubber, as well as synthetic materials like nylon, acrylic, aramid, and polypropylene. These filter media can also be manufactured using various methods, including woven and non-woven techniques, with different surface treatments such as needling and hydroentangling. The choice of filter media directly impacts filtration efficiency and the filter bag lifespan. Therefore, investigating the appropriate type of filter media for a specific process is of utmost importance. This article will focus specifically on Needle Felt and Hydroentangled filter media.