Gardner Solitons and Double Layers in Self-gravito-Electrostatic Opposite Polarity Magnetized Dusty Plasmas

The phenomenon of Gardner solitons (GSs) and double layers (DLs) in a self-gravitating dusty plasma, composed of negatively and positively charged dust grains in the presence of inertialess ions and electrons, is investigated utilizing the reductive perturbation method. The derivation of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) and modified KdV (mKdV) equations is performed. Numerical examinations have uncovered the occurrence of compaction or dilation Dust Acoustic (DA) solitons, contingent upon the parameters. The propagation of DA waves is described by the Gardner equation, whose GS and DL solutions are subject to numerical analysis. The existence of GSs and DLs regimes are determined. The impact of plasma parameters on compressive and rarefactive GSs and DLs is also explored in depth. The current findings are deemed to be valuable for comprehending the dynamic structures in various experimental setups and astrophysical environments, including the cometary tails, Earth’s mesosphere, and Jupiter’s magnetosphere.