Soliton Dynamics in Metamaterial with Higher Order Nonlinear Phenomena

The soliton is produced in a metamaterial that has higher-order nonlinearity, self-steepening, and Raman response. The propagation of solitons is studied under higher-order effects. The system is governed by a nonlinear Schrödinger equation and solved using both analytical and numerical approaches. The Lagrangian variational method is used for analytical analysis, while the RK-45 and split-step Fourier method (SSFM) is used for numerical analysis. The investigation explores the effects of quintic nonlinearity, self-steepening, and Raman response on soliton propagation and on the interaction of solitons. The study can be used to make devices to control light and make optical switching devices.