Excitation of Pinned Solitons by Moving Charge Debris in a Plasma with Kappa-Distributed Electrons

We study the excitation of pinned solitons by a moving charge debris object in a plasma with kappa( \(\kappa \) )-distributed electrons in the ion-acoustic timescale. Sagdeev pseudo-potential analysis shows that amplitudes and steepness of the pinned soliton solutions decrease with an increase in the \(\kappa \) value. The pinned solitons can access higher Mach numbers for higher values of \(\kappa \) with very large amplitudes. Peak modulations in pulse-like solitons are found at a lower source velocity \(M\ll 1\) for decreasing \(\kappa \) , unlike Maxwellian electrons where modulation in the peaks are found only at \(M>1\) . The numerical simulation for the evolution of the plasma also supports the theoretical results. This study may have relevance in the study of nonlinear propagation ion-acoustic waves in space plasmas and potential near-earth plasma applications.