Recent advancements in oesophageal replacementOesophageal replacement and repair, including transplantationTransplantation and tissue-engineering techniques, offer promising avenues for improving functional outcomesFunctional outcomes and reducing complicationsComplications associated with traditional reconstructionReconstruction methods. Experimental work in oesophageal transplantationTransplantation and tissue engineeringTissue engineering aims to develop artificial oesophagi, particularly targetingLong-gap oesophageal atresia long-gap oesophageal atresiaOesophageal atresia cases. Successful foetal transplantationTransplantation of the oesophagusOesophagus in animals has been achieved, showing potential for clinical application. Tissue-engineering approaches involve biomaterials, stem cells, and growth factors to create functional neoesophageal tissueNeoesophageal tissue. Studies in animal models demonstrate promising results in terms of graft integrationGraft integration and functionality.