Understanding Tumor Biology and Pathology: Cancer Grade, Volume, and Spatial Location: As a Foundation for Focal Therapy
摘要
Two major obstacles to the widespread application of focal therapy include (1) low accuracy of risk classification models of post-focal therapy local and/or metastatic recurrence of cancer foci, (2) recognition of the multifocality of the majority of cases of prostate cancer and the likelihood of secondary (synchronous) cancer, and (3) the lack of specific and sensitive imaging modalities to accurately identify the extent or contours of intraprostatic cancer foci. In this chapter, we will address issues on cancer foci selection of cancer grade and volume, spatial location, patterns of spread, and focality according to the zone of origin—as foundations for focal therapy.