The development of Quanzhou city has been significantly impeded by the scarcity of water resources. In this paper, a new multi-objective robust fuzzy interval linear model programming (MRFILP) model aimed to devise a more equitable water resource allocation plan, resolving conflicting interests among diverse users while fostering sustainable development. Through a comprehensive assessment encompassing economic benefits, food security indices, and environmental impacts within Quanzhou's water distribution system, the model derived a more stable water distribution plan. Especially, this plan contributes to increased grain production while simultaneously reducing the city's overall carbon dioxide emissions. The key findings emphasize prioritizing the service industry to bolster Quanzhou's economic growth. Additionally, it stresses the need for agricultural sector stability, particularly in the vegetable industry, while highlighting the secondary industry's comparative resilience to water resource fluctuations. Furthermore, a comparison with the interval multi-objective programming model (IMOP) validates the feasibility of the attained results. These solutions offer crucial insights for policymakers engaged in water resource allocation, aiding in the formulation of optimized economic, social, and environmental plans for Quanzhou's future development.