Cancer Prevention: Principles and Approaches

Cancer is a significant global health concern. The growing global cancer burden emphasizes the need for effective preventive strategies. Research has shown that many cancers can be prevented through risk factor modification. This chapter examines global, regional, and national cancer studies to illustrate the impacts of several modifiable cancer risk factors on cancer incidence at an international and national level. This chapter also provides a comprehensive review of cancer prevention strategies from around the world. Primary cancer prevention is focused on the modification of behavioural risk factors, such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, diet, and physical activity, as well as environmental exposures, including air pollution, ultraviolet radiation, and occupational hazards. Education and public awareness are highlighted as key components of primary cancer prevention. Cancer screening and early detection strategies are discussed regarding their role in secondary cancer prevention. Through collaborative intersectoral efforts, cancer prevention strategies can significantly reduce the burden of cancer and improve population health outcomes.