Life Cycle Analysis of Lithium Sulfur Batteries

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have shown significant potential as a high-performance and energy-dense alternative to existing lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) technology. However, to fully understand the environmental impact and sustainability of Li–S batteries, a life cycle perspective is necessary. The chapter begins by introducing the concept of life cycle assessment (LCA) and its significance in evaluating the environmental implications of energy storage technologies. It emphasizes the need for LCA in assessing the environmental performance of Li–S batteries, considering their entire life cycle from raw material acquisition to end-of-life disposal. The LCA methodology adopted for this analysis is described, highlighting the key impact categories considered, such as greenhouse gas emissions, resource depletion, and human toxicity. Furthermore, the chapter presents the results of the LCA, highlighting the environmental performance indicators of Li–S batteries compared to conventional  LiBs.