Biofilm and Biocides

Biofilms are a complex structure of bacteria and a matrix consisting of proteins (e.g. adhesive pili), polysaccharides, extracellular DNA and enzymes, also known as “extracellular polymeric substances”. Several types of biofilms have been described. Hydrated biofilm forms under continuously hydrated conditions and can be found in water pipes, showers, taps and sinks. Build-up biofilm forms as an accumulation of material from repeated patient exposure, cleaning and disinfection or even sterilisation and dry storage, e.g. in the channels of flexible endoscopes. Dry surface biofilm is mainly found on multi-touch surfaces, such as in healthcare facilities or in the food processing industry. The presence of biofilm on a surface can have a significant impact on the antimicrobial activity of biocides and disinfectants. Therefore, each biocidal active substance or disinfectant based on it is evaluated for its effect on biofilm formation, fixation and removal. In addition, data on the antimicrobial activity of each biocidal active substance or disinfectant based on it against microorganisms in biofilms will be summarised.