Harnessing (New) Digital Technology for Effective Human-Wildlife Conflict Mitigation in Zimbabwe

As of today, several sectors have not been spared from the digitalization wave. This is evident in the widespread adoption dovetailed with heightened use of new technology through the Internet of Things (IoT), Machine Learning, Big Data, augmented reality and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Despite this considerable progress, less is known regarding the use of new technological devices, gadgets and applications in managing human wildlife conflict (HWC). Though the trend might have gained a foothold in the Global North, countries in the Global South are yet to embrace new technology including drones, motion sensors, infrared cameras and acoustic sensors to detect, monitor and manage wildlife movement and behaviour. Utilising a multi case study analysis of ‘troubled sites’ in Zimbabwe, we established that the country has not yet embraced new digital technology to aid in mitigating human wildlife conflict. Yet, these digital platforms, apps, technology and gadgets do offer potential opportunities for monitoring and containing wildlife mobility and in informing communities on possible human wildlife clashes through early warning systems. We find that the adoption of such technologies will thus aid in ameliorating HWC in various rural and urban communities in Zimbabwe. Data were collected through a qualitative research methodology including the use of Focus Group Discussions, key informant interviews, desktop review and field observations in HWC hotspots in Zimbabwe. The study is significant as it provides a granular understanding on how policy experts, policy makers, researchers and communities can rethink effective ways of utilising new digital technologies in mitigating if not alleviating HWC in troubled hotspots.