Doughnut Cities: Businesses as Enablers for Nature-Based Solutions and Net-Zero Transitions

Underscored by rapid global urbanization and geographical inequities, urban landscapes now face challenges like population explosions and climate change, driven by growth-oriented policies. In response to such challenges, innovative frameworks of the circular economy and doughnut economics have emerged. When jointly implemented to address the urgent need for systemic transformations, these frameworks serve as building blocks and pave the way for a sustainable future. The adoption of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) in light of these frameworks plays a critical role in the transition to sustainable urban development. NbS present a strategic pathway for businesses to address pressing environmental challenges while fostering resilience and resource efficiency. This paper investigates the influence of businesses in adopting NbS within the frameworks of doughnut and circular economies through qualitative research methods such as case studies analysis and concrete examples of business-led NbS initiatives across sectors, illustrating tangible benefits such as reduced emissions, soil enrichment, biodiversity conservation, and improved water resource management. Ultimately, while the solution lies in systemic transformations, this analysis highlights the interim critical role of businesses in advancing NbS adoption through advocating for supportive policies and driving a regenerative economic model that supports planetary health. By influencing regulations, urban planning, and industry standards, companies contribute to reshaping the broader economic landscape toward sustainability.