Nanotechnology Carriers for the Management, Electrochemical Detection and Diagnosis of Glaucoma

The progressive degeneration of optic nerve, which results in vision loss, is a hallmark of the optic neuropathy known as glaucoma. Increased intra ocular pressure (IOP) is one of the variables that lead to the development of glaucoma, which can harm the optic nerve and impaired vision. In order to effectively treat glaucoma, we looked into recent developments in the use of nanocarrier. We focused on the use of dendrimer, hydrogel, liposome, niosome, and nanoemulsion to improve anti-glaucoma therapy as well as on electrochemical methods for the detection and diagnosis of glaucoma. The effectiveness of glaucoma medication is increased, and IOP and adverse effects are reduced by encapsulating anti-glaucoma drugs in different nanocarriers. These carriers exhibit regulated drug release and better drug penetration even when administered intraperitoneally. The concentration of an anti-glaucoma drug in nanocarriers can be adjusted to increase local permissibility, retention time, and tolerance. We clearly emphasize in the current review about recent advancements in the use of nanocarriers for effective treatment of glaucoma. The development of new, potent, and low dose system for the efficient eradication of glaucoma disease has been made possible by the development of nanocarriers. Also, early detection and monitoring of glaucoma which can be done by electrochemical methods are critical for quick treatment to prevent visual damage.