Exploring the Impact of Digital Building Blocks on Spatial Self-efficacy in Adults of Different Genders

The impact of spatial self-efficacy on spatial thinking performance has profound implications for engagement in STEM-related activities. This study utilizes “Space Building Blocks,” a construction toy, as a prototype, transforming it into a digital format to investigate the effects and differences in spatial self-efficacy among adults of different genders after intervention with digital building blocks. The study involves 30 adults aged 20–30, using a single-group pretest-posttest design. Quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate that despite variations in the degree of improvement in spatial self-efficacy between males and females, digital building blocks substantially enhance adults’ spatial self-efficacy, potentially contributing to narrowing the gender gap in STEM interests.