Improving Quality of Life Among Substance Users in Nigeria: Implications for Evidence-Based Practice

Substance use disorder (SUD) poses a significant public health concern in Nigeria, affecting various aspects of individuals’ lives. Substance use disorders significantly impact various life domains, including quality of life (QoL). This study explores the context of substance use in Nigeria, emphasizing its impact on the overall quality of life of Nigerians. Nigeria faces a growing challenge of substance use, with alcohol, cannabis, and pharmaceutical opioids among the commonly abused substances. Adolescents and young adults constitute a significant portion of substance users and notable variations based on gender, socioeconomic status, and religious affiliations. A systematic literature review was conducted using different search engines to identify articles focused on the relationship between substance use and QoL, as well as the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in Nigeria. Three articles explored the relationship between substance use and QoL, while three others investigated the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in reducing relapse rates among substance users. Findings revealed variations in QoL measures and the impact of rehabilitation interventions. Studies show a negative correlation between SUD severity and QoL, emphasizing the importance of assessing and addressing the impact of substance use on individuals’ overall well-being. The study underscores the need for more research and culturally tailored interventions to address substance use in Nigeria and enhance the QoL of individuals struggling with addiction. Evidence-based treatments, interventions targeting multiple levels (family, school, workplace, community), and the expansion of drug treatment services are recommended.