Small Bowel and Appendiceal Tumors

Small bowel tumors are rare, accounting for a small percentage of gastrointestinal neoplasms. They can be benign or malignant, with the latter having a relatively poor prognosis due to late diagnosis. Adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), lymphomas, and sarcomas are the main histological types. Risk factors include hereditary syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), Crohn’s disease, and celiac disease. Appendiceal tumors are also uncommon, with carcinoid tumors being the most frequent type. Other appendiceal neoplasms include mucinous neoplasms, adenocarcinomas, and GISTs. Treatment strategies for small bowel and appendiceal tumors vary based on the type, stage, and location of the tumor and may include surgical resection, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. This chapter explores the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management of small bowel and appendiceal tumors, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for optimal patient outcomes.