Gastric Tumors

Gastric cancer, predominantly consisting of adenocarcinomas, is a significant global health burden with notable geographic and demographic variations. Risk factors include Helicobacter pylori infection, dietary habits, smoking, alcohol consumption, and genetic predisposition. The disease often presents with nonspecific symptoms such as weight loss, epigastric pain, and dysphagia, leading to late diagnosis in many cases. Early detection through endoscopy and biopsy is crucial for improving outcomes. Management strategies vary based on the stage of the disease, with options ranging from endoscopic resection for early-stage tumors to gastrectomy with lymph node dissection and adjuvant therapies for advanced cases. Despite advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, the prognosis remains poor for advanced stages, emphasizing the importance of early detection and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. This chapter delves into the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management of gastric tumors, highlighting the challenges and considerations in optimizing patient outcomes.