A Review on Application of GIS for the Assessment of Geospatial Extent and Concentration of Environmental Occurrence and Impacts of Mercury Pollution

Heavy metals have specific physicochemical properties. Most of them are toxic for biological world even in trace amounts. So, it is very necessary for continuously monitoring of their generation, transport, biological interaction, impacts, etc., to control their negative impacts on the humans, other organisms, and whole environment. There are classical and conventional methods available to do so, but these are very slow, require a lot of expertise, instruments, and not much reliable too especially for a very large landmass. This review chapter shows that Geoinformatics is a modern tool for the estimation of extent of occurrence, pathway, geological and geographical interactions, impact prediction, and level of impacts and to suggest potential remediation and management of pollution by the use of satellite data and GIS tools.