England, Europe and Anglo-Portuguese Relations c. 1360–c. 1415

This chapter explores the historical context of Anglo-Portuguese relations from the late fourteenth century to the early fifteenth century, including on the impact of the Treaty of Windsor in 1386. The chapter highlights the long-standing commercial ties between Portugal and England, which existed even before the formal alliance. The chapter discusses the reasons behind the alliance, which was primarily driven by a common political enemy in Castile. The chapter also delves into the political, cultural and commercial impact of the alliance, including the increased trade between the two countries and the settlement of English merchants in Lisbon. The chapter concludes by highlighting the lasting importance of the Treaty of Windsor in maintaining friendly relations and facilitating trade. Overall, the alliance between Portugal and England during this period had lasting effects on their political, social and economic relations, shaping their interactions for years to come.