Creation and Testing of Green Vehicle Brake Pads from a Mixture of Waste Clam and Giant African Snail Shells

Purpose: This study investigated a mixture of waste clam and the African giant snail as potential materials for producing green vehicle brake pads. Design: Collected waste clam and Giant African Snail shells were crushed and processed into a fine powder. The powder was then mixed with a binder and compressed to form brake pads. The brake pads were subjected to various tests, including the absorption test, density test, hardness test, compressive strength test, thermal conductivity test, sample wear rate, and friction coefficient, to evaluate their mechanical and thermal properties. Findings: The study found that snail plus clam shell (SCLAM) brake pads outperformed commercial ones in terms of density, hardness, compressive strength, and wear rates. As particle size increased, certain properties decreased while liquid absorption increased. With improved frictional grip, thermal conductivity remained consistent and superior to commercial pads. Research Limitation/Implication: This study investigates brake pad's mechanical and thermal properties. Future study needs to evaluate the brake pads’ environmental impact and suitability for mass production. Practical Implication: Green automobile brake pads can reduce the automotive industry's environmental impact. Also, using waste materials in manufacturing could lower brake pad customers’ production costs. Social Implication: Producing green automotive brake pads locally can create job opportunities and promote sustainable practices. Originality/value: This study stands out as the first of its kind to explore the innovative approach of creating green automotive brake pads using a mixture of waste clam and Giant African Snail shells.