Analysis of the Effect of Spark Plug Gap on Engine Performance

Purpose: The inconsistencies of the spark plug gap on engines has been a big headache to many mechanics. The objective of the study is to analyse the effect of different spark plug gaps on engine performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was done experimentally using a hydraulic dynamometer mounted on four-stroke spark ignition Ford Engine. Iridium spark plugs with set gaps (SPG) of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mm were employed. Findings: The results showed that the plug gap of 0.4 mm has a negative effect on the fuel consumption (480 ml), Carbon Monoxide (CO), 258.67 ppm, and Oxygen Gas (O2) 19.8% except for engine torque 59 Nm which was positive. Using plug gap ranging from 0.6–1.0 mm, it was observed that CO and engine fuel consumption got reduced by 43.15% and 28.08% respectively. O2 saw a slight improvement when using a 0.4 gap. The plug gaps of 0.6–1.0 mm and above gave better engine performance. Practical Implications: The study's findings offer practical insights for vehicle owners and enthusiasts. Optimizing spark plug gaps based on engine performance metrics can lead to enhanced fuel efficiency, power output, and overall driving experience. Originality/Value: Ultimately, the study contributes to the broader field of engine efficiency optimization. By understanding the impact of spark plug gaps, it contributes to the knowledge base on how to extract maximum efficiency from internal combustion engines.