Automated Parcel Machines Innovation

Disruptive innovations are unique products, processes, or combinations that deviate significantly from previous offerings in the e-commerce market. These innovations originate from niche or emerging market segments and can disrupt established market entities. Disruptive theories emphasize the need for conformity before mainstream consumers adopt them. The main focus is on the verification of automated parcel containers as business process innovation. The growth of the market for automated parcel machines (APM) in Poland and European Union member states is influenced by the spatial distribution of APM and Out-of-Home Pick Up Drop Off access points (OOH PUDOs). Researchers in Poland used spatial autocorrelation analyses and Pearson correlation coefficients to study the links between population density and APM access points.