Enhancing High-Speed Train Line Design: The Role of Multidimensional Assessment Tools

Decision-making in complex environments, such as the implementation of high-speed railway networks, requires a comprehensive approach considering diverse criteria and stakeholder perspectives. This paper presents a model for evaluating alternative scenarios in a multidimensional manner to support Decision-Makers (DMs) in making informed choices. Drawing on the Italian context, where high-speed rail networks have been successfully implemented, the study emphasizes the need for a systematic framework to assess socio-environmental impacts and technical-economic considerations. The proposed model integrates Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to provide a structured approach for comparing alternatives based on various criteria, including social, environmental, and technical-economic factors. Through a detailed analysis of the decision problem, the model identifies fundamental objectives and instrumental criteria, reflecting the interests and priorities of stakeholders. A systematic evaluation process, including problem structuring, criteria measurement, weighting, and aggregation, enables DMs to assess each alternative’s performance comprehensively. Adopting such a multidimensional approach makes understanding the trade-offs involved and making more informed and sustainable decisions regarding high-speed railway network implementation possible. This framework promotes transparency, stakeholder engagement, and equitable distribution of benefits, ultimately facilitating the achievement of broader societal goals.