Historical Aspects of Formation and Development of Constitutional Law in the Kyrgyz Republic

The article examines a comprehensive overview of the evolution of constitutional justice in the Kyrgyz Republic, spanning from the country's early steps towards independence to recent constitutional reforms. It highlights the pivotal role of the Constitution in shaping the nation's legal and political landscape. In the initial stages, the establishment of the Constitutional Oversight Committee in 1989 marked the beginning of the country's institutional mechanism for protecting the Constitution. This evolved into the formation of the Constitutional Court in 1990, signaling a significant step towards democratization amidst the dissolution of the USSR. The adoption of the 1993 Constitution ushered in systemic changes, including the establishment of the Constitutional Court of the Kyrgyz Republic, aimed at ensuring the balance of state authorities. However, subsequent constitutional reforms, particularly after the events of April 7, 2010, led to the disbandment of the Constitutional Court, raising concerns about power usurpation. Despite criticisms, the establishment of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of the Kyrgyz Republic provided a new avenue for constitutional control. This transition continued with the adoption of a new Constitution in 2021, which transformed the Constitutional Chamber into the Constitutional Court, granting it expanded powers to safeguard constitutional legality. The article delve into specific legal cases, such as the review of laws related to electoral norms and constitutional amendments, underscoring the Constitutional Court's role in upholding democratic processes and the rule of law. They emphasize the importance of citizen participation in lawmaking processes and highlight the necessity of expedited legislative action in exceptional circumstances, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic and socio-political crises. Overall, the article illustrate the ongoing evolution of constitutional justice in Kyrgyz Republic, reflecting both achievements and challenges in the country's democratic development and commitment to the rule of law.