Imaging Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules

Thyroid nodules are frequently detected on various imaging modalities, including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scans. The accurate diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules depend on the patient’s risk factors and the imaging features of the nodules. Imaging plays a crucial role in both the diagnosis of thyroid nodules and the decision-making process for patient management. This chapter provides an overview of the use of radiologic studies in diagnosing thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in different clinical scenarios.