The chapter discusses the efforts made by the Government of EthiopiaEthiopia and development partners to promote watershed managementWatershed management (WM) interventions that incorporated various technical, institutional, and policy improvements in EthiopiaEthiopia in general and the Abbay River BasinAbbay River Basin in particular. Over the past five decades, EthiopiaEthiopia has shifted toward more participatory and livelihoodLivelihood-focused approaches, as well as adopting an integrated WM paradigm. These changes demonstrate a willingness to learn from previous experiences and the advantages of adapting approaches based on lessons learned along the way. While these conservation interventions have yielded ecological benefitsEcological benefits, there have been notable shortcomings in large-scale implementation. The impact of WM interventions, particularly terraces, on surface runoffSurface runoff, soil lossSoil loss, and grain yieldGrain yield is analyzed. Although terraces have shown success in reducing soil lossSoil loss, erosion rates on treated plots are still above tolerable limits, indicating the need for further improvement or integration with other technologies. While terraces are effective at reducing runoff at the plot scale, catchment-scale results vary due to multiple contributing factors. Additionally, the review explores the impact of WM measures on crop yield, highlighting the success of various practices such as conservation tillageConservation tillage in achieving uniform soil moistureSoil moisture distribution and reducing waterlogging effects. Integration of different watershed managementWatershed management technologies like conservation tillageConservation tillage and terracingTerracing is recommended to achieve the desired outcomes. Overall, the review highlights the need for further research, catchment-scale experiments, and scenario analysis to better understand long-term dynamics and optimize WM practices.