The rural community’s livelihoodLivelihood of the Abbay basinAbbay Basin heavily relies on agricultureAgriculture, which in turn depends on land resourcesLand resource. The purpose of this article is, therefore, to assess the current condition of land resourcesLand resource in the Abbay basinAbbay Basin. Therefore, this study aimed at characterizing the land resourceLand resource; the type, nature, and magnitude of land degradation; impacts of land degradationLand degradation; land managementLand management practices; determinants of applying land managementLand management practices and productivity of the land in terms of certain crop yields focusing on the Bechet Watershed of the Abbay basinAbbay Basin. In addition to their effect on the productivity of the land in situ, the implementation of land managementLand management practices such as terracingTerracing and tree planting are believed to have significant impacts on the future fate of the Great Ethiopian Rennaissance Dam. This paper, therefore, escalates the efforts of land managementLand management practices so far implemented in the basin and recommends how such practices will be strengthened.