DroughtDroughts studies in EthiopiaEthiopia showed an increasing frequency and intensity of agricultural droughtAgricultural drought specifically in Eastern Amhara [North Wello Zone (NWZ)] over time. Most of these studies are based on ground point measurements, which are limited and unevenly distributed with sparse networks, to analyze and monitor droughtDroughts. However, remote sensingRemote sensing-based agricultural droughtAgricultural drought assessments have been inadequate to perform in Amhara region especially in NWZ for the last seasons. Therefore this study mainly aimed to monitor the spatial and temporal patterns of agricultural droughtAgricultural drought based on satellite-based remote sensingRemote sensing data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This study mainly used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVINormalzed Difference Vegetion Index (NDVI)) and Land Surface Temperature (LSTLand Surface Temperture (LST)) from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Climate Hazard Group Infrared PrecipitationPrecipitation with Station (CHIRPS) data on different sources. This study also used the satellite-derived products of the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), Temperature Condition Index (TCI), Vegetation Health Index (VHIVegetation Health Index (VHI)), and correlation between NDVINormalzed Difference Vegetion Index (NDVI) and LSTLand Surface Temperture (LST) from 2002 to 2021 in NWZ. The CHIRPS precipitationPrecipitation data were used to classify whether the study area was dry or wet during the particular period. TCI results revealed the stress of vegetation from moderate to extreme droughtDroughts conditions in 2009 and 2015 over most parts of the study area. However, in 2006 and 2021, near-favorable or good vegetation conditions during the main cropping season. The VCI results also showed that the northeastern, eastern, southern, and parts of the central lowlands of the NWZ were dominated by low vegetation conditions. The VHIVegetation Health Index (VHI) results also revealed that agricultural droughtAgricultural drought conditions occurred in 2009 and 2015 with different severities and spatial extents. Similarly, 65% of NWZ was hit by extreme droughtDroughts and 10% by severe droughtDroughts in 2015 and 63% by extreme droughtDroughts and 15% by severe droughtDroughts in 2009. The correlation analysis of LSTLand Surface Temperture (LST)-NDVINormalzed Difference Vegetion Index (NDVI) was negative in 2006, 2009, and 2015. The output indicated that water limits vegetation growth by showing LSTLand Surface Temperture (LST)-NDVINormalzed Difference Vegetion Index (NDVI) negative relationship. This analysis confirmed remote sensingRemote sensing data’s contribution to monitoring and assessing agricultural droughtAgricultural drought risk areas and vulnerable societies. The combined analysis of VHIVegetation Health Index (VHI) is recommended rather than using single indices to monitor agricultural droughtAgricultural drought in NWZ and in other places with similar agroecology.

Remote Sensing-Based Agricultural Drought Monitoring in the Eastern Abbay Basin

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发表日期：

2025年

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Gebremariam Adane Getu,
Worku Zewdie

摘要

DroughtDroughts studies in EthiopiaEthiopia showed an increasing frequency and intensity of agricultural droughtAgricultural drought specifically in Eastern Amhara [North Wello Zone (NWZ)] over time. Most of these studies are based on ground point measurements, which are limited and unevenly distributed with sparse networks, to analyze and monitor droughtDroughts. However, remote sensingRemote sensing-based agricultural droughtAgricultural drought assessments have been inadequate to perform in Amhara region especially in NWZ for the last seasons. Therefore this study mainly aimed to monitor the spatial and temporal patterns of agricultural droughtAgricultural drought based on satellite-based remote sensingRemote sensing data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This study mainly used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVINormalzed Difference Vegetion Index (NDVI)) and Land Surface Temperature (LSTLand Surface Temperture (LST)) from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Climate Hazard Group Infrared PrecipitationPrecipitation with Station (CHIRPS) data on different sources. This study also used the satellite-derived products of the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), Temperature Condition Index (TCI), Vegetation Health Index (VHIVegetation Health Index (VHI)), and correlation between NDVINormalzed Difference Vegetion Index (NDVI) and LSTLand Surface Temperture (LST) from 2002 to 2021 in NWZ. The CHIRPS precipitationPrecipitation data were used to classify whether the study area was dry or wet during the particular period. TCI results revealed the stress of vegetation from moderate to extreme droughtDroughts conditions in 2009 and 2015 over most parts of the study area. However, in 2006 and 2021, near-favorable or good vegetation conditions during the main cropping season. The VCI results also showed that the northeastern, eastern, southern, and parts of the central lowlands of the NWZ were dominated by low vegetation conditions. The VHIVegetation Health Index (VHI) results also revealed that agricultural droughtAgricultural drought conditions occurred in 2009 and 2015 with different severities and spatial extents. Similarly, 65% of NWZ was hit by extreme droughtDroughts and 10% by severe droughtDroughts in 2015 and 63% by extreme droughtDroughts and 15% by severe droughtDroughts in 2009. The correlation analysis of LSTLand Surface Temperture (LST)-NDVINormalzed Difference Vegetion Index (NDVI) was negative in 2006, 2009, and 2015. The output indicated that water limits vegetation growth by showing LSTLand Surface Temperture (LST)-NDVINormalzed Difference Vegetion Index (NDVI) negative relationship. This analysis confirmed remote sensingRemote sensing data’s contribution to monitoring and assessing agricultural droughtAgricultural drought risk areas and vulnerable societies. The combined analysis of VHIVegetation Health Index (VHI) is recommended rather than using single indices to monitor agricultural droughtAgricultural drought in NWZ and in other places with similar agroecology.