Priority Directions and Trends of the Business Sector in Tourism: The Case of Kazakhstan

The relevance of the topic—the development of the tourism industry provides opportunities for economic development for countries. Tourism is one of the fastest-growing industries worldwide, as evidenced by its development indicators. Tourism and hospitality are important economic activities, both for individual countries and regions. The purpose of the research is to determine the state policy stimulating the sustainable development of the tourism industry, which in turn implies a systematic analysis of the tourism industry, the identification of the determinants of its development and the determination of policy priorities at the national and regional levels. The subject of the research is the policy of sustainable development of tourism and its implementation mechanism in Kazakhstan. The object of research is the impact of tourism policy on the functioning of economic entities and, accordingly, on the economic development of the country. Results. The formation of the correct, pragmatic tourism development policy stimulates the positive effects of the tourism industry, the growth of residents’ incomes, the creation of jobs, the generation of taxes, the inflow of foreign currency, the production of goods and services in other adjacent sectors, and the economic development of the country (region). At the same time, the right policy ensures the limitation of such possible negative effects as negative socio-cultural impact, environmental pollution, reduction of economic benefits of residents, overcrowding of the coastline, tourist destinations and so on.