Research on Handover Technology for 5G LEO Satellite Network Based on ns-3

The 5G Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite network offers several advantages, including wide coverage, stable communication, and strong flexibility, making it an ideal solution for high-quality communications. Due to the fast movement of satellites, research on handover technology for LEO satellite networks is crucial. This paper uses the network simulator (ns-3) to build a 5G LEO satellite network and introduces delay for each handover process. We propose a handover algorithm based on distance difference threshold, taking into account spectrum allocation. In order to evaluate quality of service (QoS) of the network, we explore the influence of handover delay and threshold selection by setting multiple groups of handover delay and distance difference thresholds. Simulation results indicate that as handover delay increases, the impact of handover events on the network also increases gradually. Moreover, an appropriate threshold based on the actual situation can reduce the number of handovers and minimize communication delay. In particular, when the handover delay is 6ms, the communication delay can be reduced by about 2ms with an appropriate distance difference threshold.