Kumara, Skulls, Stone Clubs, and Voyages

The numerous trans-Pacific contact theories that emerged in the nineteenth century developed at the backdrop of the ‘tremendous scientific ferment surrounding the originsOrigin(s) and history of humankind’ of the late nineteenth century (Jane Lydon, ‘Veritable Apollos’, Interventions 16/1 [2014], 72). This chapter is a continuation of Chapter  3 in that it covers additional ideas of originsOrigin(s) and contacts across the Pacific from the nineteenth century. Differently to the ideas described in the previous chapter, the theories described herein presented tangible evidenceLinguistic(s) (including language(s))evidence or were proposed by scholars who sought to provide more scientific approaches.